| Disease | A RANDOMIZED DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL, MEASURED THE EFFECTS OF SOY ON BLOOD PRESSURE, LIPIDS AND VASCULAR FUNCTION. TWO HUNDRED THIRTEEN HEALTHY SUBJECTS (108 MEN AND 105 POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN), 50-75 YR OLD, RECEIVED EITHER SOY PROTEIN ISOLATE (40 G
SOY PROTEIN, 118 MG ISOFLAVONES) OR CASEIN PLACEBO FOR 3 MONTHS. AFTER INTERVENTION IN THE SOY GROUP, COMPARED WITH CASEIN PLACEBO, URINARY PHYTOESTROGENS INCREASED, ACCOMPANIED BY A SIGNIFICANT FALL IN BP REFLECTED BY THE BP MODEL (P<0.01)
ENCOMPASSING MEAN CHANGE IN SYSTOLIC, DIASTOLIC AND MEAN BP 1MM HG, P<0.008). IN THE LIPID MODEL, SOY INDUCED GREATER CHANGES, COMPARED WITH PLACEBO (P<0.001). ON INDIVIDUAL ANALYSIS, SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTORS INCLUDED A REDUCTION IN THE LOW-TO
HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RATIO (-0.33 + 0.1 VS. 0.04 + 0.1 MMOL/L, P<0.05) AND TRIGLYCERIDES (-0.2 + 0.05 VS. -0.01 + 0.05 MOL/L. P<0.05) AND AN INCREASE IN LP(A) LIPOPROTEIN (+95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL) [42 (RANGE, 17-67) VS. 4(RANGE, -22-31) MG/
L, P<0.05], WHEREAS TOTAL, LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN, AND HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL IMPROVED IN BOTH GROUPS; BUT NO TREATMENT EFFECT WAS DEMONSTRATED. THE ARTERIAL FUNCTIONAL MODEL DEMONSTRATED NO DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GROUPS; ALTHOUGH
AGAIN, OVERALL FUNCTION IMPROVED IN BOTH GROUPS. ON INDIVIDUAL ANALYSIS, PERIPHERAL PWV (REFLECTING PERIPHERAL VASCULAR RESISTANCE) IMPROVED WITH SOY (P<0.01), WHEREAS FLOW-MEDIATED VASODILATION (REFLECTING ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION) DECLINED (IN
MALES ONLY), COMPARED WITH CASEIN PLACEBO (P<0.02). NO EFFECT OF TREATMENT ON THE HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-GONADAL AXIS WAS NOTED IN MALES OR FEMALES. IN NORMOTENSIVE MEN AND POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN, SOY IMPROVED BP AND LIPIDS BUT, OVERALL, DID NOT
IMPROVE VASCULAR FUNCTION. |