| Disease | A META ANALYSIS OF 11 STUDIES (N=522). INFORMATION ON SAMPLE SIZE, STUDY DESIGN, PARTICIPANT CHARACTERISTICS (GENDER, RACE, AGE, BASELINE BLOOD PRESSURE, AND ANTIHYPERTENSIVE MEDICATIONS) AND TREATMENT RESULTS WERE ABSTRACTED BY 3 REVIEWERS
USING A STANDARDIZED PROTOCOL. TREATMENT EFFECT OF COFFEE CONSUMPTION ON BLOOD PRESSURE WAS ESTIMATED WITH THE USE OF A RANDOM-EFFECTS MODEL. IN THE 11 TRAILS, MEDIAN DURATION WAS 56 DAYS (RANGE, 14 TO 79 DAYS), AND MEDIAN DOSE OF COFFEE WAS
5 CUPS/D. SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE INCREASED BY 2.4 (RANGE, 1.0 TO 3.7) MM HG AND 1.2 (RANGE, 0.4 TO 2.1) MM HG RESPECTIVELY, WITH COFFEE TREATMENT COMPARED WITH CONTROL. MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS IDENTIFIED AN
INDEPENDENT, POSITIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CUPS OF COFFEE CONSUMED AND SUBSEQUENT CHANGE IN SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE, INDEPENDENT OF AGE OF STUDY PARTICIPANTS AND STUDY DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS. THE EFFECT OF COFFEE DRINKING ON SYSTOLIC AND
DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE WAS GREATER IN TRIALS WITH YOUNGER PARTICIPANTS. OUR FINDINGS PROVIDE SUPPORT FOR A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COFFEE CONSUMPTION AND HIGHER BLOOD PRESSURE. |